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31.
Sensitivity analysis is a mathematical tool, first developed for optimization methods, which aim is to characterize a system response through the variations of its output parameters following modifications imposed on the input parameters of the system. Such an analysis may quickly become laborious when the thermal model under consideration is complex or the number of input parameters is high. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to analyse the heat exchanges in four different types of solar air collectors. When building this thermal model we show that for each collector, at quasi-steady state, the energy balance equations of the components of the collector cascade into a single first-order non-linear differential equation that is able to predict the thermal behaviour of the collector. Our heat transfer model clearly demonstrates the existence of an important dimensionless parameter, referred to as the thermal performance factor of the collector, that compares the useful thermal energy which can be extracted from the heater to the overall thermal losses of that collector for a given set of input parameters. A sensitivity analysis of our thermal model has been performed for the most significant input parameters such as the incident solar irradiation, the inlet fluid temperature, the air mass flow rate, the depth of the fluid channel, the number and nature of the transparent covers in order to measure the impact of each of these parameters on our model. An important result which can be drawn from this study is that the heat transfer model developed is robust enough to be used for thermal design studies of most known flat plate solar air heaters, but also of flat plate solar water collectors and linear solar concentrators. 相似文献
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M. Georgelin A. Pocheau 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1998,4(2):169-174
The polycrystalline perovskitelike manganese oxides La1-xAxMnO (A = Na, and K, ) have been fabricated by sol-gel technique. For all the compositions explored in this work, the average manganese oxidation
state is practically constant, at for A = Na, and for A = K, respectively. A close relationship is confirmed to hold between the Curie temperature (Tc) and the bond distance of Mn-O. Results of magnetic measurements show that these materials can be utilized as suitable candidates
for magnetic refrigerants with wide applied temperature span, for their significant entropy change and the easily tuned Curie
temperature.
Received: 12 September 1997 / Revised: 18 December 1997 / Accepted: 21 January 1998 相似文献
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本文给出了C^n中子空间之间最大和最小主角在矩阵逼近,投影算子的扰动分析,群逆以及Oraxin逆的扰动估计,条件数理论,Bott-Duffin系统扰动分析中一些应用。 相似文献
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固体力学有限元体系的结构拓扑变化理论 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文是文[1]的继续.文[1]提出了杆件系统的结构拓扑变化理论和拓扑变化法本文将这一理论和方法推进到连续体有限元体系;且在此基础上揭示出有限元体系的一个新性质,称为基本位移之梯度的正交性定理,从而给出一套设计敏度的显式表达式,可直接用于计算. 相似文献
39.
Bruno Lengeler 《Mikrochimica acta》1987,91(1-6):455-475
The synchrotron radiation (SR) emitted by circulating high-energy electrons has extraordinary properties: The light is intensive and bright, it is tunable and highly collimated, and finally, it is linearly polarized. These exceptional properties have initiated a unique revival of many spectroscopies using electromagnetic radiation. The techniques of special concern for materials analysis which are treated in this article are: X-ray absorption, reflection, fluorescence, diffraction and topography. A number of examples will be given in order to illustrate the possibilities of these techniques when SR is used.On leave of absence from Institut für Festkörperforschung, KFA Jülich, D-5170 Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany 相似文献
40.
报道了采用等离子体辅助分子束外延方法(P-MBE),利用NO作为N源和O源,在c-面蓝宝石(c-Al2O3)衬底上外延生长了N掺杂ZnO薄膜。X射线衍射谱(XRD)和吸收谱中都出现了不同于未掺杂样品的特性,X射线光电子谱(XPS)中也发现了N的受主信号。但是在霍尔效应(Hall-effect)测量中,发现该样品并没有出现预期的p型导电特性,而是出现载流子浓度很高(2.15×1020cm-3)的n型导电特性。结合XPS结果和理论分析,认为在富Zn条件下生长会导致过量的填隙Zn原子,补偿了全部的受主后,又促使其出现了从半导体-金属的Mott转变。 相似文献